fwjТрение и и износTitle in english0000-00000000-0000AGU10.32864/0202-4977-2025-46-1-76-85fwj-54Research ArticleСтатьиОсобенности разрушения контактной поверхности стали Ст3 и её износ при сухом скольжении по стали под переменным токомFeatures of Deterioration of the Contact Surface of C235 Steel and Its Wear in Dry Sliding Against Steel under Alternating CurrentАлеутдиноваМ. И.AleutdinovaM. I.

просп. Академический, 2/4, г. Томск 634055 

pr. Akademicheskii, 2/4, Tomsk 634055 

aleut@ispms.ruФадинВ. В.FadinV. V.

просп. Академический, 2/4, г. Томск 634055 

pr. Akademicheskii, 2/4, Tomsk 634055 

Институт физики прочности и материаловедения СО РАНРоссияInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of ScienceRussian Federation2025280920264617685Copyright © AGU, 20262026AGUAGUhttps://fwj.ejournal.by/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://fwj.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/54

Исследовано сухое скольжение модельных образцов стали Ст3 по стали 45 под воздействием переменного тока плотностью до 120 А/см2 по схеме сопряжения «pin-on-ring». Изучены возможности увеличения износостойкости путём изменения одного из геометрических параметров (высоты) образца (pin) и исследована температура держателя образца в разных точках. Было показано, что эта температура может превышать 150 °С в зоне крепления образца. Увеличение температуры держателя образца и интенсивность изнашивания имели нелинейный характер в соответствии с кривой, близкой к экспоненте при увеличении плотности тока. Скольжение при плотности тока более 100 А/см2 происходило в условиях катастрофического изнашивания. Наблюдалось образование слоя переноса толщиной около 20 мкм на поверхности контакта образцов. С помощью рентгеновского фазового анализа было установлено, что слой переноса содержит более 70 % FeO. Анализ поверхностей изнашивания позволил выявить механизм разрушения контактных слоёв, который выражался в разделение номинальной площади контакта на два сектора. Граница между секторами была вполне чёткая и перпендикулярная к направлению скольжения. Сектор, направленный навстречу набегающей контактной поверхности контртела, имел следы адгезии, пропахивания и т.п., которые обычно появляются при скольжении без тока. Другой сектор имел признаки деформации, аналогичные деформации вязкой жидкости, а следы адгезии не наблюдались. Коэффициент трения уменьшался при увеличении плотности тока и не изменял своего поведения при переходе в режим катастрофического изнашивания. Представленные закономерности наблюдались на качественном уровне независимо от высоты образцов. Количественно различались только температуры нагрева держателя образца. Результаты работы будут полезны при создании реального узла трения, работающего в условиях скользящего токосъёма с высокой плотностью тока.

Dry sliding of model samples of C235 steel against 45 steel under alternating current with a density of up to 120 A/cm2 using the pin-on-ring configuration was investigated. The possibilities of increasing wear resistance by changing one of the geometric parameters (height) of the sample (pin) were studied and the temperature of the sample holder at different points was investigated. It was shown that this temperature can exceed 150 ℃ in the sample mounting zone. The increase in the temperature of the sample holder and the wear intensity were nonlinear in accordance with a curve close to an exponential function with increasing current density. Sliding at a current density higher than 100 A/cm2 occurred under conditions of catastrophic wear. Formation of a transfer layer with a thickness of about 20 μm was observed on the contact surface of the samples. Using X-ray phase analysis, it was found that the transfer layer contains more than 70 % FeO. The analysis of wear surfaces allowed to reveal the mechanism of contact layers deterioration, which was presented as the division of the nominal contact area into two sectors. The boundary between the sectors was quite clear and perpendicular to the sliding direction. The sector directed towards the oncoming contact surface of the counterbody had traces of adhesion, plowing, etc., which usually appear during sliding without current. The other sector had signs of deformation similar to the deformation of a viscous liquid. Traces of adhesion were not observed here. The friction coefficient decreased with increasing current density and did not change its behavior upon transition to the catastrophic wear mode. The presented regularities were observed at a qualitative level regardless of the height of the samples. Only the heating temperatures of the sample holder differed quantitatively. The results of the work will be useful in creating a real friction unit operating in sliding current collection with a high current density.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.