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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fwj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Трение и и износ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Title in english</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0000-0000</issn><issn pub-type="epub">0000-0000</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AGU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32864/0202-4977-2025-46-4-312-322</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fwj-62</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Распределение кислорода в поверхностном слое стального контртела из стали 45 в условиях трения без смазочного материала при воздействии электрического тока высокой плотности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Distribution of Oxygen in Surface Layer of Steel Counterbody from С45 Steel under Friction Conditions without Lubricant under Action of High-Density Electric Current</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алеутдинова</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleutdinova</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>просп. Академический, 2/4, г. Томск 634055 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>pr. Akademicheskii, 2/4, Tomsk 634055 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aleut@ispms.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фадин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fadin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>просп. Академический, 2/4, г. Томск 634055 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>pr. Akademicheskii, 2/4, Tomsk 634055 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики прочности и материаловедения СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>46</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>312</fpage><lpage>322</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; AGU, 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">AGU</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">AGU</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://fwj.ejournal.by/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://fwj.ejournal.by/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fwj.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/62">https://fwj.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/62</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы — изучить распределение кислорода в контактном слое стали 45 (контртело) при трении по схеме «pin-on-ring» по стали Ст3 (образец) в условиях трения без смазочного материала под электрическим током высокой плотности (&gt; 100 А/см2).</p><p>Методом электронной микроскопии показано образование слоя переноса на контактной поверхности контртела и образование расплава на контактной поверхности слоя переноса. Расплав имеет слабые признаки адгезионного взаимодействия, что является показателем высокой вязкости расплава. Рентгеновский спектральный микроанализ контактной поверхности слоя переноса показал содержание в нем 30 ат. % кислорода, который служит показателем образования FeO. Концентрация кислорода на поверхности контакта соответствовала концентрации около 60 об. % FeO. Концентрация кислорода в сечении слоя переноса на расстоянии 3 мкм от поверхности контакта составляет около 10 ат. %, что соответствует около 20 об. % FeO. Методом рентгенофазового анализа установлено преобладание FeO и α-Fe в контактной поверхности слоя переноса стали 45, то есть около 90 об. % FeO. Эти данные косвенно доказывают существование градиента концентрации FeO, направленного в глубину слоя переноса, и позволяют утверждать, что расплав состоит из нейтральных атомов или ионов железа и кислорода.</p><p>Увеличение плотности тока в контакте приводит к увеличению электрической проводимости контакта и к уменьшению коэффициента трения. Это позволяет предположить увеличение количества расплава в контактном пространстве при увеличении плотности тока. Также увеличение плотности тока приводит к увеличению стадии скольжения («slip») при скольжении в режиме прерывистого скольжения («stick–slip») и к снижению коэффициента трения. Полученные данные могут служить ориентиром при проектировании токосъёмных узлов трения для мощных электрических двигателей и генераторов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the work is to study the distribution of oxygen in the contact layer of steel 45 during pin-on-ring dry friction against C235 steel under high-density electric current (&gt; 100 A/cm2).</p><p>The formation of a transfer layer on the contact surface of the counterbody and the formation of a melt on the contact surface of the transfer layer were shown by the electron microscopy method. The melt has weak signs of adhesive interaction, which is an indicator of high melt viscosity. X-ray spectral microanalysis of the contact surface of the transfer layer showed an oxygen content of 30 at. %, which serves as an indicator of FeO formation. The oxygen concentration corresponded to a concentration of about 60 vol. % FeO. The oxygen concentration in the cross-section of the transfer layer at a distance of 3 μm from the contact surface was about 10 at. % that corresponds to about 20 vol. % FeO. The X-ray phase analysis method established the predominance of FeO and α-Fe in the contact surface of the transfer layer of C45 steel, i. e. about 90 vol. % FeO. These data indirectly prove the existence of a FeO concentration gradient directed into the depth of the transfer layer and allow us to state that the melt consists of neutral atoms or ions of iron and oxygen.</p><p>An increase in the current density in the contact leads to an increase in the electrical conductivity of the contact and to a decrease in the friction coefficient. This allows us to assume an increase in the amount of melt in the contact space with an increase in the current density. An increase in the current density leads also to an increase in the sliding stage (“slip”) during sliding in the stick–slip mode and to a decrease in the friction coefficient. The obtained data can serve as a guideline in the design of current-collecting friction units for powerful electric motors and generators.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>скользящий электрический контакт</kwd><kwd>коэффициент трения</kwd><kwd>электрическая проводимость контакта</kwd><kwd>износ</kwd><kwd>слой переноса</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sliding electric contact</kwd><kwd>friction coefficient</kwd><kwd>contact conductivity</kwd><kwd>wear</kwd><kwd>transfer layer</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kragelsky I.V., Dobychin M.N., and Komba-lov V.S. 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