Estimation of the Load Capacity of a Worm Gear Based on the Analysis of Frictional Vibrations of a High-Speed Shaft

The article demonstrates the relationship between a decrease in energy efficiency and the load-carrying capacity of worm gears with an increase in the amplitude of torque oscillations as the mating load increases. An analysis of the causes of the increase in the amplitude of torque oscillations with increasing gear load is conducted. It is shown that the disruption of the self-oscillation mode occurring in a worm gear should occur due to an increase in the friction coefficient, which depends on the lubrication conditions, in particular, on the thickness of the lubricant film. The paper demonstrates that in the case of lubrication of the gear with standard mineral oil with a nanomodified additive, the loss of stability of self-oscillations occurs at significantly higher loads (290 N×m) than in the case of lubrication with standard mineral oil without the additive (230 N×m), which indicates greater resistance of this option to disturbing effects, and can be explained by the greater thickness of the lubricant film. In this paper, graphs of the worm gear efficiency versus braking torque were obtained for various lubricant options. It was shown that the increase in efficiency when using standard mineral oil with a nanomodified additive (a nanodispersed suspension of serpentine in a solution of fatty acid salts) compared to standard mineral oil is associated with improved antifriction properties of the coupling and a decrease in the amplitude of torque oscillations. The paper demonstrates that the stability of the worm gear under loading effects can be experimentally assessed by measuring the amplitude of torque oscillations on the high-speed shaft of the gear. To expand the range of permissible loads, it is necessary to improve the antifriction properties of the lubricant by using a nanomodified additive, which leads to a decrease in the amplitude of self-oscillations of the worm shaft, a decrease in the friction path, and a reduction in power losses.

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